Is it illegal to allow no permit company do security work?
Chapter:
460
Title:
SECURITY AND GUARDING SERVICES ORDINANCE
Gazette Number:
Section:
11
Heading:
Restrictions on supplying individuals to do security work
Version Date:
30/06/1997
(1) No person other than a company acting under and in accordance with a licence shall supply, agree to supply, or hold himself out as supplying any individual to do security work for another person for reward.
(2) No person shall supply an individual to do any type of security work for another person unless the individual-
(a) is the holder of a permit that is valid for that type of work; or
(b) is to do the security work otherwise than for reward.
(Enacted 1994)
Chapter:
460
Title:
SECURITY AND GUARDING SERVICES ORDINANCE
Gazette Number:
Section:
12
Heading:
Restrictions on obtaining benefit of security work
Version Date:
30/06/1997
(1) No person shall authorize or require another person to do any type of security work for him unless the other person-
(a) is a holder of a permit that is valid for that type of work, a licensee, or an individual supplied by a licensee; or
(b) is authorized or required to do the work otherwise than for reward.
(2) Subsection (1) does not apply to an occupier of domestic premises who authorizes or requires another person to do security work for him in relation only to those premises.
(3) In this section, "domestic premises" (住所) means premises used or intended to be used solely or principally for residential purposes and constituting a separate household unit.
(Enacted 1994)
Chapter:
460
Title:
SECURITY AND GUARDING SERVICES ORDINANCE
Gazette Number:
Section:
31
Heading:
Offences
Version Date:
30/06/1997
(1) Any person who contravenes section 11(1) commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine at level 6 and to imprisonment for 2 years.
(2) Any person who contravenes section 10, 11(2), 12 or 13 commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine at level 3 and to imprisonment for 3 months.
(3) Any person who-
(a) refuses or fails to comply with any lawful order, requirement or direction of the Authority; or
(b) disturbs or otherwise interferes with the proceedings of the Authority,
commits an offence and is liable on conviction to a fine at level 3 and to imprisonment for 3 months.
(Enacted 1994)
What is a template?
Template: A binary file created from distinctive information from a biometrics sample, stored in a database or a token, created during enrollment and verification
Image base:
Minutiae base:
Biometrics Vs. Other Authentication Method?
Pros:
- Biometrics can not be lost, shared stolen, forgotten, or easily repudiate
- Biometrics enable strong auditing and reporting capabilities
Cons:
- Percentage of users cannot use some technologies
- Characteristics can change over time
Behavioral & Physiological Biometrics
Physiological - Finger, Hand, Iris, Retina, Face
- Higher accuracy, stable, require slightly more effort
Behavioral - Voice, Signature, Keystroke
- Easier to use, often less expensive, less accurate, more subject to day-to-day fluctuation
- Appropriate for relatively low-security, low-risk application where accusation devices are already in place (camera, telephone, signature pad)
Why are biometrics used?
Security
- Requires that users enter a unique username or present a card/ token
Accountability
- Improve auditing / reporting / record keeping
Convenience
- Reduce password-related problems
Identification vs. Verification
Verification: Am I who I claim to be?
- Requires that users enter a unique username or present a card/ token
Identification: Who am I?
- Eliminate duplicate identities in databases
- Used when entering a username/ID is not feasible
What is Biometrics?
Biometrics: the automated measurement of physiological or behavioral characteristics to determine or authenticate identity
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